Tag: movies

  • Wicked: For Good Review

    Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande in Wicked: For Good

    There have been various adaptations of L. Frank Baum’s novel The Wonderful Wizard of OZ since its release in 1900, from the 1974 stage version known as the Wiz, the NBC television series known as the Emerald City, or the iconic 1939 film that has become synonymous with the property to this day. One of the most bizarre takes on the material came in 1995, with Gregory Maguire’s novel, Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, which reinvented the story of Oz through the eyes of the Witch herself, renamed Elphaba. The novel was more adult focused in its storytelling, with some of its sequel books, 2005’s Son of a Witch, 2008’s A Lion Among Men and 2011’s Out of Oz, being described sometimes as ‘edgy’ in content. The children novel made by Baum was reinvented in one focusing on themes of terrorism, racism, nature versus nurture and propaganda. The fact that this novel would be then turned into the second most popular Broadway musical of all-time would surprise anyone, with Universal Pictures acquiring the rights for a film adaptation of the novel, with actresses such as Demi Moore, Nicole Kidman and Whoopi Goldberg rallying for the lead role, before composer Stephen Schwartz convinced the studio to pivot to musical theatre.

    Opening in 2003, the musical has become the fourth-longest running Broadway show in history and opened the door for Universal to once again become interested in adapting the musical now to film. Plans started all the way back in 2011, with director Stephen Daldry announced to direct in 2016, with Lady Gaga and Shawn Mendes rumoured to be up for major roles. Daldry left the project by 2020 after major setbacks in production, with the film missing various release dates in favour of Universal releasing films like Cats and Sing 2, alongside the COVID-19 Pandemic stalling production. 2021 hit the news that Jon M. Chu boarded as director, and the film finally hit theatres as part one of two in 2024, starring Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande. A year later, and the idea of splitting the musical adaptation into two films, one adapting act one, and one adapting act two finally shown the light of day, as Wicked: For Good has opened worldwide.

    Jonathan Bailey and Ariana Grande in Wicked: For Good

    Adapting the second act of the play, Wicked: For Good follows after Elphaba found out the truth of Oz and the Wizard. Now with a rift between her and her best friend Glinda, the two begin to embrace their roles as The Wicked Witch of the West and Glinda the Good, as the film depicts the last days of the Witch, and eventually overlaps with the arrival of Dorothy as the events of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz takes place.

    The original film became a cultural phenomenon when it was released a year ago, finding itself on various best of the year lists, the music trending all other social media and the film finding itself nominated for ten Academy Awards, including Best Picture. The film was not immune from having various faults showing through, the direction is very work-like at times and the colour palette is very dull and muted until the film’s glorious conclusion, but was filled with whimsy, charm and a wonder that made it popular. The film closed out the same way Act One of the plays does, with a triumphant rendition of Defying Gravity, a climatic moment that leaves the film off with a sense of wonder, all the film’s faults leaving the minute the song hits. Going into For Good, the film was in a good place, left on a wonderful hook, with massive boots to fill, but the film really fails to grasp the potential it could have. For Good picks up in the middle of the action, lacking a clear three-act structure, instead having a various number of events happening in a row because the plot demands it and because the book it is trying to connect to has those events happen. It has been long debated that the second act of Wicked is where the play faulters, and it really shows here in this adaptation.

    Splitting the play into two films leaves the first film with the fun and the whimsical aspects of the story, and the second film with the dull and contrived. Every character in the narrative must become a character from the original novel, and most of them feel shoe-horned in, in a movie overstuffed with continuous contrived plot elements. It is a tonally confused film, trying to both handle the characters it had introduced in the original film and then also addressing the events of Baum’s novel, and attempting to turn that childlike wonder from those books into serious plot elements. The addition of characters like the Cowardly Lion, The Scarecrow, Dorothy and The Tin Man feel shoe-horned into the narrative, less like they are part of the story and more like ticking boxes to signal the classic elements missing from the prior feature. The prior’s film left off in such a way that it did not even need a sequel, it tells a completed story that could have lead into the events of the 1939 original film, and this film lacks that satisfactory open and close, lacking any substantial character arcs or natural plot progression, everything happens in a rush to get to the ending, and because it needs to tie into the original novel.

     The three central performances of the original film continue to impress. Cynthia Erivo, Ariana Grande and Jonathan Bailey are the highlights of the film in their roles as Elphaba, Glinda and Fiyero respectively. Erivo and Grande received Academy Award nominations for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress for the previous film, and for good reason, they are incredible in both these films. They share wonderful chemistry in their scenes together, and some of the few charming and humorous moments from the dreary film come from their moments together. Bailey is a Bonafide star, he commandeered the screen in his small number of scenes in the first film, and this film turns him into more of a serious star, and gives him a more sizeable role, but he is easily able to hold his own here. One of the major problems with this film is that there is no song featured here that can rival any of the songs featured in the original, and no song that can hit the same heights as Defying Gravity.

    Jeff Goldblum, Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande in Wicked: For Good

    ‘No Good Deed’ and ‘For Good’ are both songs that attempt to hit those heights and fall short but are easily the highlights of the film’s soundtrack, and ‘Wonderful’ feels like one of the only musical numbers that attempts something visually distinct. The three central performers do wonders across all the film’s tracks, even if the songs aren’t as memorable as the ones featured in the original. The appearances of Michelle Yeoh and Jeff Goldblum continue to provide small problems for the films, similarly to the first feature, as Yeoh delivers another confused performance as Madame Morrible. Both performers are not as gifted musically as the other stars, which leaves their musical numbers as feeling awkward and stilted.

    The tone of the film is incredibly sombre and serious, leaving the whimsical nature of the first half behind for a film which feels ridiculously unpleasant to watch at times, taking it so serious at points and ending up with some elements feeling humorous accidentally. The biggest problem of the original feature came from Chu’s direction, which was lacking visual creativity, and looking washed up and grey in the lightning and colour grading department. It was a visually dull musical, which is the last thing a musical really should be, and this film matches that visual dullness with a dull narrative and tone as well. The colours of the film are washed out and incredibly dark in the lightning department, and the musical numbers lack any creativity visually. There are no big set pieces, with each musical number essentially being two characters singing at each other in flat shot-reverse shot or long takes. Chu can do interesting looking musical numbers, he showed it off in 2021’s In The Heights, but he fails to showcase those directing skills here.

    Cynthia Erivo in Wicked: For Good

    Wicked: For Good just pails in comparison to its predecessor, it is a film attempting to justify its existence in reinventing moments that have been done in the original text and the iconic 1939 film. Wicked left on such a triumphant note that the change to a sombre tone for the sequel leaves the film feeling like an unpleasant watch, as the great performances from Bailey, Erivo and Grande get lost in the shuffle of middling music and a horrendous colour palette. The problems that shown up in the prior feature are only more apparent here, as Chu fails to deliver a visually spectacular film, leaving off with a muddy and grey film which looks at home with a funeral.

  • Bugonia Review

    Emma Stone in Bugonia

    The 2003 South Korean feature film Save The Green Planet was formed from two separate instances in director Jang Joon-hwan’s research. Firstly, his criticism of the lack of development for Annie Wilkes in the film adaptation of Stephen King’s Misery, resorting if he ever made a kidnapping film, it would be from the kidnapper’s perspective. The second half of his idea would come when he saw a crack website theory that Leonardo DiCaprio was secretly an alien invader who wanted to conquer the planet by seducing the earth’s population of women. An American remake of the 2003 film was in the works from the global pandemic, with the original director attached, Ari Aster on board to produce and Will Tracy adapting the screenplay. The big changes that would come from this new screenplay was the decision to gender swap the leading kidnapping victim from male to female and replace the kidnapper’s accomplice from his girlfriend to an autistic cousin. The gender swapping decision would be Joon’hwan’s final involvement in the film, as he dropped out and would become an executive producer instead, being replaced by director Yorgos Lanthimos.

    Lanthimos was a perfect director for the material, a director who has a satirical and dark-comedy edge to most of his material, dealing with dark subjects in a way that never feels too heavy. Starting in experimental theatre, he made his directorial debut in 2001 with My Best Friend and broke out as a director when 2009’s Dogtooth was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. His immediate move to American-language features came to an immense success, with films like The Lobster, The Favourite and Poor Things leading to vast academy nominations across the board and leading to best actress wins for Olivia Coleman for The Favourite and Emma Stone’s second win for Poor Things. Poor Things was a smash-hit, receiving 11 nominations and winning 4, and Bugonia would be seen as his big next feature, after his anthology film, Kinds of Kindness in 2024.

    Jesse Plemons in Bugonia

    Bugonia follows the same plot threads as the original South Korean film, following two conspiracy theorists who kidnap a powerful CEO, who they believe is secretly an alien who wants to destroy the planet. The kidnapping becomes more convoluted when the family members fail to trust each other, and revelations come to light about the CEO’s connection to the kidnapper’s dying mother.

    The main draw of Bugonia is the excellent dynamic between kidnapper and kidnappee, with Jesse Plemons, Emma Stone and Aidan Delbis all delivering excellent performances. The strength of the script comes from the tension built by the reliability of all three characters, the movie keeps you guessing throughout whether Stone’s CEO is truly an alien or not, and whether Plemmons and Delbis are just insane conspiracy theorists. Outside of some backstory-filled flashbacks, the film is contained mostly just to the kidnapper’s house, but the film is above to drive so much out of one location with some excellent visuals from cinematographer Robbie Ryan. The film is colourful and bright while telling its bleak narrative, eye-popping visuals contrasting with the mundane nature of the setting, and the truly sad story on display. Ryan worked on Lanthimos’ previous three features, so it is only natural that he was able to continue bringing his eye-catching visuals to this narrative.

    Aidan Delbis makes his film debut for this feature, submitting his own self-tape while he was still in the final year of high school. For a first-time actor, Delbis puts across an incredible performance, a performance and character that feels like the heart of the film, a meeting point between the conspiracy nut and the out-of-touch CEO. Lanthimos described his performance as the soul of the movie, he is the voice of reason who balances out Plemons’ unhinged performance, a simple but effective role in showcasing humanity in a world based around acting out of emotion. The fact that he can hold his own against such seasoned performers like Jesse Plemmons and Emma Stone is a testament to his natural acting ability. Emma Stone has starred in four Lanthimos movies so far, following her roles in The Favourite, Poor Things and Kinds of Kindness, and got her acting start mainly in comedic roles, with films like 2007’s Superbad, 2009’s Zombieland and 2010’s Easy A. Her roles have always been linked to her natural charisma, her comedic sensibilities and a level of empathy that have led to her blockbusters like 2012’s The Amazing Spider-Man, but this role uses those sensibilities to deliver a multi-layered performance that keeps the audience guessing.

    Jesse Plemons and Aidan Delbis in Bugonia

    There is always something off with her throughout, like an alien wearing a human’s face, a sense of dullness mixing in with her natural charisma and empathy. Her performance can be cold and frightening one minute, and then warm and empathetic the next. The film constantly feels like Plemons and Stone matching each other’s confusing performances and trying to one-up another. Plemons has made his career through supporting roles mainly in television series, including Breaking Bad, Fargo and Black Mirror. Once moving to feature films, he would commonly be typecasted in roles of characters that were commonly unnerving and sometimes creepy, which is what he played in his first collaboration with Lanthimos, in Kinds of Kindness. Plemons plays on this typecasting again here, down to even the greasy hair, the unkempt facial hair and his maniac body movements, but the film humanises him through his dynamic with Delbis’ character, keeping the character relatable enough so he can be still seen as a protagonist.

    His tragic past with his mother, blaming her illness on Stone’s CEO character introduces a wrinkle to the story, humanising Plemons but also dehumanising Stone at the same time. The best scenes of the film come from the two characters bouncing off each other, with Plemons shouting out conspiracy theory rhetoric while Stone pleads for her life and tries to end things peacefully. Will Tracy’s script is incredibly effective in leaving both characters feeling inhuman but also human at various points, it is what an effective thriller should really be, keeping the audience guessing as they must play along. There is a clear critique of the upper class across this film, bordering on some rhetoric of eating the rich, but also some clear criticism of internet-dwelling conspiracy theorems.

    There is a level of Lovecraft sensibilities to the plot as well, with the major conspiracy focusing on the alien’s controlling society and dumbing down the masses, almost like John Carpenter’s They Live. The biggest message that the film pays service to however is an environmentalism message, blaming the upper classes for the engagement of animals and the loss of habitats. Frequent shots of beehives hammer home this message, and the title even derives its meaning from the belief that bees could arise from the flesh of a sacrificed bull. This could dwell on either meaning, that the aliens must die to save the population and nature itself, or the Earth will become a better place for animals once the aliens wipe us out.

    Emma Stone in Bugonia

    Bugonia is an effective thriller throughout, a film which hides its true tone in its dark comedy genre, as it relays an increasingly saddening story. Jesse Plemons, Emma Stone and Aidan Delbis make up an entertaining trio of actors to follow, as the fantastic script by Will Tracy and Lanthimos’s superb direction allows the film to drive the most out of a contained narrative. The most effective part of it is the fact it constantly makes the audience question every character’s motive, and if they are telling the truth, and when the answers finally come, they are incredibly rewarding.

  • Frankenstein Review

    Jacob Elordi in Frankenstein

    Various characters throughout history have become almost mythological, so contained in culture that every generation will know about them, even if they have never read the original story they were formed from. From Dracula to Pinocchio, Sherlock Holmes to the Peter Pan, or one of the most adapted monsters of all time, Frankenstein’s Monster. The character originates from the 1818 gothic novel that shares the name with the character, also known as the Modern Prometheus, written by Mary Shelley, who published the novel anonymously, until attaching her name in a re-release in 1821. The novel follows the life of Victor Frankenstein; a scientist obsessed with conquering death and creating life. In the process of understanding life, the scientist brings together remnants of dismembered corpses and brings to life an amalgamated corpse that plagues him throughout his remaining life. The first film adaptation of the monster would come in 1910 by Edison Studios, a silent film which was lost to time until being found in the 1980s. After another silent era film in 1915, the Monster would come back to the big screen in his most famous cinematic endeavour, portrayed by Boris Karloff in 1931’s Universal Pictures’ Frankenstein.

    Separating the events of the books between the film and its 1935 sequel, Bride of Frankenstein, the films took liberties with the material and turned the monster from horrific victim-turned villain, into a brainless monster who was more of a victim than an antagonist. 1939’s Son of Frankenstein would be the last time the most iconic version of the character would be portrayed by Boris Karloff, the franchise moving into crossovers with characters like Dracula, The Wolf Man and comedians Abbott and Costello. British versions of the character would come in the Hammer horror series, beginning with The Curse of Frankenstein in 1957, and ending with Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell in 1974. Future cinematic depictions of the monster would use both the Universal Pictures version and the Hammer Horror version as a basis, creating films based on film original characters like Igor or The Bride, or depicting the character as either a tragic hero or a mindless monster, far from the horror character from the text.

    Oscar Isaac in Frankenstein

    Kenneth Branagh’s film, known as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, would follow the success of Bram Stoker’ Dracula from Francis Ford Coppola, releasing in 1994. The title would be deceiving however, as the feature would differ incredibly from the novel, even with the author’s name attached. The original script for the feature was helmed by Frank Darabont, who would go on to direct features like The Shawshank Redemption, and a script that Guillermo Del Toro would describe as a ‘pretty much perfect’ script. Del Toro had made his interest in directing a Frankenstein adaptation known for decades, first stating in 2007 and was then announced to be part of a three-year picture deal with Universal Pictures, making the film alongside Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Slaughterhouse-Five and Drood. None of these films would come to fruition, with Del Toro’s Frankenstein film being paused once Universal Pictures transitioned their Universal Monsters characters into their Dark Universe shared universe. The project was finally revived in 2023, when Del Toro signed a multi-year deal with Netflix to release films on the service, and the success of his animated Pinocchio movie allowed him to get the funding to finally craft his dream feature. Beginning a limited theatrical release on October 17th 2025, and finally released on Netflix this November, Del Toro’s Frankenstein is released on the world after so many years in development.

    Del Toro’s film opens in the same way that the novel opens, a ship gets stranded in the Arctic and the crew pick up a badly injured Victor Frankenstein, who is being hunted across the frozen wasteland by his creation. Once free of the monster briefly, the movie conveys its narrative through Victor telling the ship captain his past but also allows the film to separate the film in half. Separated as chapter titles, the film begins as Victor’s recounting of events and then switches to the Monster’s own perspective. This matches the film’s character exploration and its use of the unreliable narrator, Victor is a troubled character across this film, the film very heavily handily says at a certain point that he is the true monster, and the film conveys this by showing the differences once it switches perspectives. Victor sees the world one way, and some relationships one way, but they are revealed to be figments of his imagination once you get the Monster’s more streamlined and simplistic perspective. Del Toro conveys the narrative as more of a gothic tragedy, for both the monster and Victor, as he picks up the sympathetic portrayals of the monster from the Universal features.

    Jacob Elordi and Mia Goth in Frankenstein

    Jacob Elordi’s performance in this film will be the thing that will be talked about most after the film has been on Netflix for years, and it is only right. Elordi disappears into the role, proving himself an incredibly capable actor, and even more impressive when he was the second choice for the role after Andrew Garfield departed the role. There is an innocence to the character that he can portray, as he learns the world for the first time, and the movie makes you feel for him as he faces abuse at the hands of his creator. However, what the film also manages to balance that many versions are unable to, is making him scary as well. Elordi’s massive height allows him to be both a gentle giant but also a towering presence, a force of nature who becomes consumed by vengeance and loneliness. There is something so sad about the character, as he struggles with becoming the thing he is told he is, and how experiences life’s struggles, not its strengths.

    Most of his abuse comes from his creator, who features in one of the film’s biggest changes from the novel, as Victor keeps the monster after his creation, rather than almost instantly leaving it to go on the run. This brief time with the monster becomes important, as his ego comes to full effect as he moves from protective father to an abuser, who repeats his father’s mistakes. Oscar Isaac brings a level of gravitas to this multi-faceted character, keeping the character from falling too far down the villain category. He is a tragic figure, who contains the film’s messages around nature versus nurture, the power of nature when trying to play God, and generational trauma. The film takes its time in building Victor as a character, with an incredibly slow-paced opening act which explores his childhood and how he brings the monster alive, enough time to give the character enough backstory to make him sympathetic. Isaac can play much with the ego of the character, and his obsession with science and controlling life and death, coming from a personal history with death.

    Oscar Isaac in Frankenstein

    His trauma from being abused by his father is passed down to the monster, as the film makes you sympathise with both characters for their shared trauma and the constantly continuing cycle of hurting the other. Elordi’s Monster doesn’t want to feel alone, shown in a translation of a scene from the book, where he demands Victor to make him a bride, which comes across less threatening and more desperate in this version. The refusal to give him a companion is the final nail in the coffin for him, as his creator refuses to allow him to live and feel happy, resorting instead to succumb to his monstrous appearance and inflict the pain he also faced. This slow-paced opening allows great exploration into some of the minor characters, with a specific memorable performance coming from Christoph Waltz. Mia Goth’s role as Victor’s brother’s fiancée, and as the romantic connection for Victor, is a slightly underdeveloped part of the narrative, but later narrative reveals showcase the purpose for this. Her tenderest moments come from her interactions with the Monster, the one character who is not scared of his appearance, her role seems to bring a level of humanity to the monster, tender moments that bring warmth to a very serious film.

    The film feels like almost a culmination of Del Toro’s career so far, from his early work with Cronos and The Devil’s Backbone, to more contemporary work like Pan’s Labyrinth and Crimson Peak, Frankenstein feels like all the elements of those features put on as a final display. Del Toro feels drawn to monsters throughout his films, with films like The Shape of Water showcasing the beauty and humanity of what is seen as monstrous, and the tragic tale of Frankenstein’s Monster just climaxes that draw. His films have always had a level of gothic backdrops to them, his use of shadows and muted colours have always been a draw, and his look at fantastical technological in a world grounded in moody backdrops. The locations in Frankenstein invoke the gothic backdrops of Crimson Peaks and reflect the visual look of Hammer Horror and Universal Monsters takes on the characters. The production design of the film is immensely impressive, with fantastic costuming and an incredible attention to detail in the use of Mia Goth’s character in makeup. Del Toro has always had a great control over the camera, and expresses great confidence in direction, and paired with the excellent cinematography by Dan Laustsen, the film looks fantastic. The final sequences where the film finally shows how the Monster and Victor came to the arctic showcase some of the best-looking visuals across the film, as the frozen landscape showcases their slow chase and the sun shines down on them in beautiful shots.

    After so many years in development, it could have been easy for Del Toro to deliver something messy and disjointed with all the versions that probably existed over the years, but he has instead delivered a film that feels like a culmination of his work. Frankenstein is a moving piece of cinema that looks at generational trauma, with all the gothic and drama elements pulled from Mary Shelley’s original story. There are clear changes made across the film from the text, but they are all in service of a grand story, a story which still feels the same in its soul as the original text. Jacob Elordi proves himself an incredible talent here and will be the most memorable part of this film for sure.

  • Shelby Oaks Review

    Camille Sullivan in Shelby Oaks

    Director Chris Stuckmann started his career in the film industry by being one of the earliest film reviewers on video-sharing website, Youtube. Starting on the website in 2009, the film critic has gained over 2 million subscribers and over 779 million views, marking him as one of the biggest online critics. His career on the website has allowed him to focus on other big projects, from releasing two film-focused books and directing the short film, Auditorium 6, in 2017. In a controversial video released in 2021, Stuckmann revealed that he would be cutting down on his film-reviewing content, and he would stop reviewing films that he did not enjoy. His content would transform instead into informative videos on filmmaking and the work behind the camera, and his reviews to something more positive, focused on what he likes about new releases. This change was marked with the news of the film reviewer making the jump to becoming a full-fledged director, with Stuckmann stating it would not be fair to be a filmmaker who criticised other filmmakers. With the dawn of Youtube, there was bound to be a large movement of Youtubers making their way onto the big screen, with mixed success, from 2010’s Fred: The Movie and its sequels, to 2015’s Smosh: The Movie. In the years following however, there has been a clear movement of Youtubers making their way behind the camera rather than in-front, and to large success. From David F. Sandberg being able to get a career making films for Warner Bros, to Danny and Michael Philippou moving from their youtube channel RackaRacka to big screen horror features like 2022’s Talk To Me and 2025’s Bring Her Back, Youtube filmmakers are becoming common place, and it is only more impressive that Stuckmann could make the jump himself.

    This film debut would come in the form of horror feature Shelby Oaks, which has finally released in cinemas this Halloween. Initially an independent feature, which was crowdfunded by Kickstarter, the film drew in a massive amount of support, becoming the most-funded horror film ever placed on Kickstarter. Its world premiere was held in 2024, at the 28th Fantasia International Film Festival, where horror director Mike Flanagan would come onboard as executive producer, and, after another screening, film distribution and producer company Neon would come onboard and would fund substantial reshoots. The film serves as a continuation to a set of short films Stuckmann released, focusing on an online paranormal investigation team known as the Paranormal Paranoids. Shelby Oaks sees a woman searching for her sister, who went missing during the production of an episode of the Paranormal Paranoids, when investigating the abandoned town that shares the film’s title.

    Sarah Durn in Shelby Oaks

    Stuckmann’s debut starts out with great promise, pre-title drops, the first 30 minutes set a mood and a central intriguing mystery that the rest of the film can very clearly not deliver upon through its full runtime. The film has been advertised as a found-footage feature, and was labelled as so when initially announced, and the first act delivers on that, but once the title sequence drops, the real film begins. The best moments of the film are the eerie and creepy found footage of the Youtube ghost-hunters, as they encounter a sinister threat. Stuckmann delivers excellent scares which sometimes fall back on jumpscares but are more commonly based around mood and tension. Exposition is conveyed in a mockumentary style, which delivers on all the backstory required and setting up a mystery that engages the viewer. Found footage has always been a effective new horror sub-genre, conveying a realism that some horror features lack, and the simplicity of the scares help the terror feel real and palpable.

    This opening good will only take a movie so far however, as the movie transitions into becoming a standard horror feature that stumbles and falls in attempting to answer its mysteries. Stuckmann’s film seems more concerned with building horror and tension, and showing off his impressive directorial talents, and lacks clear focus on delivering worthwhile characters or dialogue. Camille Sullivan does what she can with a script that doesn’t seem to concern itself with her or her character, as the downfall of her relationship with her character’s husband seems to just rely on cliches rather than to build anything worthwhile or dramatic. Cliches plague the second half of Shelby Oaks, from a sequence of the main character going the library to research the plot, a husband that does not believe the central supernatural events, or a scene with Keith David, who only serves to be a clairvoyant character who hands the plot reveals to the main character and the audience.

    Keith David in Shelby Oaks

    The film is clearly inspired by various other horror features, and uses various scenes, plotlines and scares as blueprints to transport over. It feels like a disjointed combination of Rosemary’s Baby, Hereditary and The Blair Witch Project in particular. Even the use of an online campaign where the advertisers are pretending that the events of the film are true and delivering more footage and theories on a website harkens back to the marketing campaign for The Blair Witch Project. The central tagline of ‘What Happened to Riley Brennan’, also seems to share a lot in common technically to ‘Who Killed Laura Palmer’ from David Lynch’s Twin Peaks series. These inspirations plague that second half of the film and leave the film feeling predictable and unoriginal, and its only hurt more by an underwhelming finale that gives the film’s central mystery out on a whimper. As a directorial debut, the film feels like an entertaining B-movie that wants to be higher, but the third act strives for something grander and more metaphorical, that the film has not earned at all. It feels A24-lite, but in a way that is incredibly unsatisfying, and seems to be engaging with Stuckmann’s time as a Jehovah Witness during his youth, but this is not developed at all.

    Shelby Oaks is a film fighting against itself, between an original mockumentary with clear tension and emotions, to a derivative and cliché supernatural feature with worrying special effects and a mystery that feels disjointed and not thought out at all. Things happen for seemingly no reason, as the plot races to the finish line with no time to stop and breathe, the only lights to be shown being the found footage sequences that still rear their head in the second half. The film is a good showcase of Stuckmann’s directorial talents, and it can only be hoped that he can continue after this, maybe with a screenwriter on hand to work on a script that can match his eye for visuals.

    Camille Sullivan in Shelby Oaks
  • The Smashing Machine Review

    Dwayne Johnson in The Smashing Machine

    Dwayne Johnson got his start as ‘The Rock’ in WWE wrestling, where he appears on a part-time basis, but made his big splash into the public consciousness as an actor. Making his film debut in 2001’s The Mummy Returns, the actor has had a long-running career starring in action, family and comedy films across the 2000s and the 2010s. The Jumanji franchise came back to prominence with him in the cast, in 2017’s Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle and 2019’s Jumanji: The Next Level, he has starred as fan favourite character Luke Hobbs in the Fast and Furious franchise beginning with 2011’s Fast Five, and he has lent his voice as Maui in Disney’s Moana duology.

    These films have led to him becoming one of the highest paid actors in Hollywood today, an actor synonymous with the blockbuster genre and an actor who draws in a crowd. However, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and the change in cinemagoing, the draw of an actor seems to have gone, and Johnson’s films have fell in both popularity and box office success. 2022’s Black Adam was billed as Johnson’s takeover of the DC Universe, with reports of him strongarming creative control around a franchise that had lost its central narrative, but even with revealing the big post-credit cameo of Henry Cavill’s return as Superman, the film bombed. Mere weeks later, the sequels were cancelled, and Peter Safran and James Gunn became the new directors of the brand, and after 2023’s Fast X failed to become profitable, it seemed that the franchise potential of Dwayne Johnson is over.

    Emily Blunt and Dwayne Johnson in The Smashing Machine

    His most recent feature, 2024’s Red One, was a holiday box office disaster, grossing only $185.9 million against an estimated £250 million budget. Though still attached to various blockbusters soon, with a live action Moana remake coming to the big screen in 2026, and a third Jumanji film in production, Dwayne Johnson has made the bold career movie to get into serious acting. The blockbuster actor seems to be attempting to go for the Oscar, and with the help of director Benny Safdie, most known for films like 2019’s Uncut Gems and 2017’s Good Time which he directed with older brother Josh, comes The Smashing Machine. The film stars Johnson as MMA legend Mark Kerr, chronicling the life of one of the first personality fighters in the sport, as the 90s changes the way the sport is played. The film showcases his struggles with addiction and the conflict that rises in his life with girlfriend, Dawn Staples, portrayed by Emily Blunt.

    The biggest conversation coming out of this film will easily be around Johnson’s performance, and he really surprises in how capable he is as a dramatic actor. He is a good actor in his action and blockbuster work but has become typecast in the same role in each feature, giving him less of a chance to showcase his talents outside his natural wrestling-born charisma. The Smashing Machine really allows Johnson to show a more vulnerable side, seeing the actor cry on screen for maybe the first time, and to see the actor lose when his career has been set by characters who cannot lose is something very refreshing. It is one of those performances where you can almost forget it is Dwayne Johnson in the role, he looks unrecognisable and dwells the character in both anger, sadness and desperation, which is incredibly unusual for a Johnson performance. The actor also shares incredible chemistry with already proven dramatic actor Emily Blunt, the scenes between them feel very real and natural. Blunt must deal with some heavy topics, and a character who can only be described as a mess, and this constantly changing character is handled perfectly.

    Dwayne Johnson in The Smashing Machine

    Director Benny Safdie was awarded the Silver Lion for Best Director for this film when it premiered at Venice Film Festival, and as his solo-directorial debut the direction impresses. Shot to give a documentary feel, the film has a clear grainy texture which makes the film feel like a home movie, a gentle and homely feel that contrast well with the serious sequences on display. Safdie’s camera is always on the move, staying stationary for very little of the runtime, giving the viewer the feeling that they are a cameraman filming this exclusive documentary. The fight sequences are entertaining and shot with some technical prowess, but there is not enough involvement of this part of Kerr’s life. The film picks a specific part of Kerr’s life to portray; his drug addiction and relationship troubles and puts a lot of the details around his fights and the overall movement of the MMA world to the backburner. Which part of his life an audience would prefer to see is completely up to that viewer, but it feels like a targeted choice to focus on the aspects that would allow Johnson more time to emote for a potential Oscar win.

    Safdie’s script however does not feel up to the task of delivering the emotional weight needed for this type of film, with a lot of the dialogue coming across as clunky and strange when not delivered by a capable actor. A large section of the supporting cast includes boxing and MMA champions, with Ryan Bader, Bas Rutten and Oleksandr Usyk all taking roles in the feature, and they all fall flat in both performance and the lines they are given. Bringing these champions in gives the film a level of authenticity, but their acting is just not up to snuff. The film also just lacks a satisfactory narrative structure, the film just retackles the same plot elements repeatedly, multiple fights between Kerr and Staples, multiple drug sequences or a fight sequence, the film is just repeated sequences with very little resolution to each of these plot elements. The film lacks a substantial change in the character’s development or in closing any of these plot elements, that the film just falls into feeling repetitive. A closer look into the rule changes and the other changes that face the MMA during this period, that only exist in the periphery of the film’s narrative, would have livened up the script.

    Dwayne Johnson in The Smashing Machine

    All in all, The Smashing Machine is a film that is brought together by the surprising and impressive central performance by Dwayne Johnson, breaking out of his signature box as an action and comedy actor into a capable serious drama star. The overall film feels very derivative of various other sports dramas that have lit up the big screen over the years and lacks a signature hook outside of the same drama beats which every sports drama already contains. The film ends on a triumphant and emotional note that feels unique to most films in this genre, but that is not true for the rest of the film, and this ending does not feel completely earned because of so. Though underperforming at the box office, this film feels as a stepping stone in Johnson’s future possibility as a known serious actor, and with upcoming features with directors like Martin Scorsese, it can only be hoped that this performance will not be a one time thing, and that Johnson’ career is on a new successful path.

  • John Carpenter Ranked

    John Carpenter is one of the masters of the horror genre, forming the basis for the slasher sub-genre, but also dabbling in the psychological horror, the science-fiction horror and even wandering outside of the horror genre. He is characterised heavily by pessimistic and nihilistic films, and by composing his own scores for his features, becoming a soundtrack artist long after he has finished being a filmmaker in the modern day. With the upcoming Halloween season, following will be a ranking of the eighteen theatrically released films directed by the horror auteur, not including his direct to television features or his involvement in anthology features.

    18) Ghosts of Mars

    Pam Grier, Natasha Henstridge, Clea DuVall and Liam Waite in Ghosts of Mars

    Starting the list off, comes Carpenter’s second most recent film released into cinemas, 2001’s Ghosts of Mars. Starring a central cast of Natasha Henstridge, Ice Cube, Jason Statham and Pam Grier, the film centres itself around a future where Mars has been colonized. A squadron of police officers and a convicted criminal are forced to work together to fight against the possessed residents of a mining colony, with the ghosts of the planet’s original inhabitants taking control over the peaceful residents. The film has slowly become a cult classic to many fans of the director’s work, but the film also marks a downward trend in the director’s late career, from the 1990s to the present day. The film essentially serves as a remake of one of Carpenter’s classic features, Assault on Precinct 13. Just like that film, the feature brings police officers and criminals together to stop a gang that essentially act as zombies, mindless monsters that exist as cannon fodder in various action sequences where they try to break into one building.

    Where that original feature is entertaining, this film just blends itself in mediocrity, with all the central players failing at making their characters feel convincing or entertaining. The film lacks the central feel of a Carpenter feature; his nihilistic characters and plot lines are replaced with a film that feels more campy and embarrassingly unfunny compared to a genuine horror-action feature. Carpenter’s score feels generic and unimpressive, lacking a unique hook that makes it stand apart, and the direction flounders in keeping up with the set style of 2000s horror, with an oversaturated look and shaky camera use that makes it fall in line with the eventual style that Saw, in 2004, would set for the genre. Action sequences can be fun at parts, but when the film stands out so much from the general quality of Carpenter’s work, it is hard to praise anything in the feature

    17) Village of the Damned

    Christopher Reeve in Village of the Damned

    In a 2011 interview, John Carpenter described his remake of Village of the Damned as a ‘contractual assignment’ that he was ‘really not passionate about’. Starring Christopher Reeve, Kirstie Alley, Linda Kozlowski and Mark Hamill, the film follows what happens after all women in a town are impregnated by brood parasitic aliens, with the children growing rapidly and having psychic abilities. Based on 1957’s The Midwich Cuckoos, the book has created various adaptations of the work, with 1960’s Village of the Damned and its sequel, 1964’s Children of the Damned, being the basis of Carpenter’s remake. The novel also spawned a television remake, sharing the same name as the novel rather than the film version, released in 2022. A remake of Village of the Damned had been in the works for a decade since the popularity of 1978’s Invasion of the Body Snatchers, with the adaptation being aimed to tackle the subjects that the original film could never tackle.

    With censorship at the time of production, the original could not even mention impregnation and could not explore the true focus of the narrative, abortion. Outside of this big change with the lack of censorship, Carpenter’s version of the narrative just falls short and ends up feeling campier than a serious outlook on abortion. Reeve’s final role before he was paralysed in 1995, both him and Hamill feel miscast in their roles and fail to convince as serious stars, and the score suffers, similarly to Ghosts of Mars, as feeling generic, and at times, out of place in such a dramatic feature. The film marks the ‘work for hire’ time in Carpenter’s career, with the 1990s serving him badly with a lack of creator-owned projects.

    16) Escape from LA

    Kurt Russell in Escape From L.A.

    A fifteen-year late sequel to Carpenter’s classic feature, Escape from New York, 1996’s Escape from L.A, is a derivative film that feels in line with sequels to 80s classics. Similar in case to features like Ghostbusters 2, the film serves more as a remake of the original film than a direct sequel, with very little callbacks to the original and more of Carpenter just doing the same plot beats again. Set in a near-future world of 2013, where the United States is ruled by a President for life, the film sees Snake Plissken returning into action when the president’s daughter steals the remote of a new superweapon. She finds herself in L.A., which has been walled off from the rest of the States as a prison-city, and Plissken is tasked to save her and retrieve the weapon to stop his upcoming deportation. Carpenter has long declared his sequel to be his favourite of the two, stating his reasons as because of the film’s darker and more nihilistic tone and its deeper themes, but the film fails at being either of these things.

    A competent film, but a lesser feature when compared to Carpenter’s original, the film feels sillier and more cartoonish than a darker feature. Scenes including a paragliding action sequence, a chase on surfboard and a showdown between heroes and villains through a basketball game come across as goofier than anything, and the turn from impressive miniatures and practical effects to poorly aged digital effects lead the film looking less impressive than ever. Originally, the film would be followed with an end of a promised trilogy, as Escape from Earth would double down on the special effects, however the poor box office performance left all plans for the franchise on the cutting room floor. The shining light of the film comes from Kurt Russell’s still impressive performance as Plissken, he is still committed to making the character cool and the character never flounders when the rest of the film does.

    15) The Ward

    Amber Heard in The Ward

    There would be a nine-year gap between Ghosts of Mars and Carpenter’s most recent big screen venture, 2010’s The Ward. He has since directed an episode of the streaming series Suburban Screams in 2023, but until then this was his most recent directorial work, with the director falling out of love with the medium in the years since Ghosts of Mars. It was during his short stint working on two episodes for Showtime’s anthology series, Masters of Horror, that his love for the medium returned. The Ward sees that love for return, and though it is nowhere near groundbreaking, it is a chilling story that proves that Carpenter still can make a tension inducing and briefly scary feature. The film follows a young woman who is institutionalized after setting fire to a house, and once arriving at the institute, she becomes haunted by the ghost of a former inmate at the ward. Starring Amber Heard, Mamie Gummer, Danielle Panabaker and Jared Harris, the film suffers from a script that undermines everything Carpenter has done with the atmosphere and setting.

    Characterisation is basically null in the film, with each inmate having one personality trait, and the late-game reveal that the narrative is all happening in one person’s head, and no one is real gives that a reason, but leaves the film feeling cheap and empty. Knowing the central twist as well, leads to the film feeling impossible to enjoy on a rewatch, when nothing that is happening on screen is real, it is hard to become invested.

    14) Memoirs of an Invisible Man

    Chevy Chase in Memoirs of an Invisible Man

    The production of Carpenter’s take on H.F. Saint’s novel, Memoirs of an Invisible Man, would be hellish and would almost make the director want to quit, a hard start to his downward trend in filmmaking during the 90s. The film was backed by the studio because of Chevy Chase’s intense interest in using it as a star vehicle to move him from being a comedic actor to a serious star. The star was most well-known off the back of his stint on comedy series, Saturday Night Live, where he starred from 1975 to 1976, and then a comedy leading man in films like 1980’s Caddyshack and the five National Lampoon’s Vacation movies. His move to serious actor was a confusing one, and the departure of director Ivan Reitman, famous for Ghostbusters, came about because of these budding heads of tone, with Carpenter eventually hired after Superman-director Richard Donner left the project after eight months.

    The film follows Chase as Nick Halloway, a man who is rendered invisible after an accident, and he soon becomes the target of a CIA operative who sees him as a potential new weapon for the American government. Chase wanted to base the film in drama, focusing on the troubles a man would have when becoming invisible and how that would drive him away from his friends and family, and wanted the film to be a central love story. This is where the film falls flat, Carpenter directing a light-hearted comedy drama, where the main star is refusing to do the comedy aspect only leads to disaster. The film is tonally confused, and there are interesting uses of the invisibility effects, and a fun performance by Sam Neill, but Chase only bewilders in his performance, and the central connection between him and love interest Daryl Hannah is nowhere to be seen. The troubled production has only led to an equally troubled feature.

    13) Vampires

    Thomas Ian Griffith in Vampires

    When asked in an interview on his opinion of the filmic version of his novel, Vampires, author John Steakley pointed out how the adaptation retained much of his dialogue but none of his original plot, though he liked the film. Carpenter’s 1998 film Vampires has become a cult classic since its release, spawning a franchise which contains two direct-to-DVD features, 2002’s Vampires: Los Muertos and 2005’s Vampire: The Turning. Moving away from the gothic loneliness that the monsters were known for, Carpenter’s film tackles the vampires as bloodthirsty monsters which more resemble zombies than anything like the Draculas of the past. Starring James Woods as Jack Crow, who leads a team of vampire hunters, after being raised by the Catholic Church to become their master vampire slayer. The plot kicks into gear after his crew are killed, and he must pull together new members to take down the first vampire, Jan Valek, who is after a centuries-old cross. The plot is paper-thin, essentially a series of engaging action sequences that are stitched together by something resembling a plot.

    The film has become a cult classic because of its reliance on action, it is a movie trying its best to be cool and kick-ass, with a central performance by James Woods that feels laughably over-the-top at times. Carpenter has always wanted to make a Western, with many of his films falling into Western-lite at times, with Ghosts of Mars and They Live being the prime examples. Vampires serve as the closest to a Western for Carpenter and showcases his tendency to make his films increasingly goofy and comedic in the 90s, but its also hard to be completely invested when Carpenter makes all his characters so increasingly unlikeable. It has gained a cult-following in the years since but outside of some great action and some maybe not on purpose-comedic moments, it is hard to see why.

    12) Dark Star

    Serving as Carpenter’s debut feature, the science-fiction comedy, Dark Star, is a bit rough around the edges as a student film but has enough charm and is important enough to the genre that it deserves to be high enough on the list. Set up essentially as a spoof of Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey, the film went through a journey from University of Southern California student film, to expanding with reshoots in 1973 and then having a limited theatrical release in 1975. Serving as Carpenter’s first directorial project, the film also offered Carpenter his first chance to score a feature. The film follows the crew of the deteriorating starship, named after the title of the film, twenty years into their mission to destroy unstable planets which might threaten the future of galactic colonization.

    The film feels messy at times because of the clear inclusion of various random sequences to lengthen the runtime of the film, with the film’s plot essentially being a bunch of comedic sequences one after another until the central bomb plot takes place in the back half. The film does not really get going into that secondary half, but the inclusion of a beach ball alien is humorous and makes up for some of the shortcomings of the set up. Outside of making a career for horror auteur John Carpenter, the film is equally important for launching the career of Dan O’Bannon, who would take the beachball alien concept and turn it into screenplay of the hit 1979 film Alien. His animation work here would also lead him to provide the special effects animation for 1977’s Star Wars, setting himself up as a signature creator for the science-fiction genre, and marking the importance of Dark Star as a figurehead of the genre.

    11) Christine

    Keith Gordon in Christine

    The opening sequence of John Carpenter’s Christine sets itself apart from the original novel instantly, as the film opens with the creation of the signature car, with the car instantly revealed to have a mind of its own as it injures a mechanic. The film marks a connection between Christine and femineity, the car strikes out in anger when a man touches herself in a private area, and later becomes jealous when Arnie, it’s owner, becomes entwined with another woman. It is far away from Stephen King’s original concept for the central car, where the car was possessed by its previous owner, marking it as a normal car made evil through possession, where Carpenter’s is evil from the assembly line. Like Kubrick’s take on The Shining, this had led King to disliking this version of his novel, but outside of this central origin difference, and some more cinematic depictions of the death sequences, the film is faithful to the textual events. The film was handled by Carpenter as a work-for-hire job, while he was trying to develop a filmic version of King’s other novel, Firestarter. The film follows Arnie Cunnigham, as his life takes a dramatic change when he purchases the car known as Christine, which only becomes worse when he meets a new girl at school, and the car begins to take control over him.

    As a work-for-hire job, the film excels in showing the class of Carpenter’s 80s work, working hard to make a car scary and capable of gruesome kills. The film conveys an interesting personality through an inanimate object, and Keith Gordon’s central performance as Arnie holds the film together perfectly. The character is as multilayered as the novel, the film spending so much time away from the character so that by the end of the feature, he feels as evil and alien as the car, Gordon tracking a change in his performance, from innocent and kind student to a crazed murderer. Even if King does not like this version of his work, it has the spirit contained in it for sure.

    10) Prince of Darkness

    Donald Pleasence in Prince of Darkness

    The second instalment in what Carpenter names as his ‘Apocalypse trilogy’, alongside The Thing and In The Mouth for Madness, Prince of Darkness is a mix between Sam Raimi’s Evil Dead and Evil Dead 2. Starring Donald Pleasence, in a welcome return to the world of Carpenter after last being in Halloween, and a larger cast, the film follows a group of quantum physics students who are assigned to assist a Catholic priest. The priest has found a liquid at a local monastery, which they soon come to find is a sentient, liquid embodiment of Satan himself. At heart, the movie is a possession film, a possession takes on The Thing, as the characters fall one by one to the possession in a similar way to that previously mentioned feature. Like Raimi’s Evil Dead movies, the charm comes in the possessed creature effects, and the compelling ways that each character plays their possessed self-compared to the original character, mixing the serious nature of Evil Dead with enough goofy and comedic performances that makes it stand toe-to-toe with Evil Dead 2. The central romance of the film feels underwritten, but each other aspect of the film more than makes up for it. An early found footage scene is included, well before the concept boomed with the release of The Blair Witch Project, and the film works to convey a film brimming with doom and despair.

    The liquid possession angles the film explores seems to be a clear comparison to the AIDS epidemic that was still raging during the release of the film. The possession is transmutable, passing via fluid transferred between person to person. Similarly, the film also transmutes many references to homosexuality across its runtime, namely through a sequence where Walter, an implied gay man, is only able to escape from a group of possessed women, by coming out of a closet. Homosexuality, at the time, was believed to be the only sexuality to be infected by AIDS, marking a deeper meaning in a tonally comedic film, balancing both comedy and heavier themes perfectly.

    9) Assault on Precinct 13

    Austin Stoker and Darwin Joston in Assault on Precinct 13

    Carpenter’s second feature as a director is essentially a remake of George A. Romero’s classic 1968 feature, Night of the Living Dead, only swap out the mindless undead instead for an army of mindless gangsters. The film even retains Romero’s accidental social commentary by focusing the film on a black lead during a time where that was a phenomenon in mainstream cinema. Originally developed as a straightforward Western, a film that Carpenter has always wanted to create, the film explored a similar plot to Rio Bravo, where a sheriff’s office is attacked by the local rancher’s gang when the sheriff arrests the corrupt rancher. When the film lacked the budget required, the film was downsized to taking place in the present day instead, following a police officer who must band together with a death row-bound convict to defend a defunct precinct against a criminal gang. The film opened to mixed reviews, and a dwindling box office performance, but would soon become a cult classic, allowing it to even garner a remake in 2005, starring Laurence Fishburne and Ethan Hawke.

    Even if no longer a Western, the film still retains Western components and features a running gag of the line ‘Got a smoke?’, a reference to the various cigarette gags that came from Howard Hawks classical Westerns. The film features a poppy score from Carpenter, a synthy electric score that breaths strong life into the action, as the station gets swarmed by army after army of faceless goons. The film’s most shocking moment, however, comes from the execution of a little girl in bloody fashion, an event that kicks off the central plot of the film after a slow start of plot build-up. The MPAA threatened that the film would receive a X rating if the scene was not cut from the film, and Carpenter relented, removing the scene from the copy he gave to the MPAA, but distributing the film with the scene still present to play coy with them. It was for the best that the film retained this harrowing sequence, it marked it for what it truly was, one of the very best exploitation features.

    8) In The Mouth of Madness

    Sam Neill in The Mouth of Madness

    The one movie that still proved that Carpenter had the ability to make a tremendous film during his ‘work-for-hire’ period of the 90s, In The Mouth of Madness is a great outlier in Carpenter’s filmography, a supernatural film that feels smart and surreal in its narrative, that many critics considered it pretentious during its initial theatrical run. Starring Sam Neill, in his return to the world of Carpenter after a villainous turn in Memoirs of an Invisible Man, as an insurance investigator, visiting a small town when looking into the disappearance of a successful horror author. Once reaching the town, the lines between reality and fiction begin to blur as Neill’s character begins to question his sanity, as this famous horror author seems to be able to bend reality to his own whim. The horror from this feature comes from the sense of the loss of free will, questioning how much free we will really have when something dictating our every move can be written. It is a clearly multilayered feature, questioning even what insanity really means, when one can be labelled as such when they are just acting outside of the regular order of nature put forward by society.

    The texts written by the central author also make people insane, essentially showcasing Carpenter questioning the true meaning between crime and media, does what people view through film, television and fiction truly make them violent, or is it the people themselves that is to fault. There is a grand scale to the narrative that is so unlike Carpenter, with excellent creature designs and a genuine foreboding tone. Inspired by the works of H.P Lovecraft, and clearly with the author being designed to be like Stephen King, the film matches the scale of those two authors perfectly. The film even opens in media res, as Neill’s character tells the film’s narrative in a similar way to Lovecraft’s work, it’s a love letter to Lovecraftian horror that truly works.

    7) The Fog

    Jamie Lee Curtis in The Fog

    Started in 2020, and occurring annually on April 21st is Fog Day, a day where fans will watch Carpenter’s classic supernatural feature, The Fog. The fact that there is an entire day named after the film is a shocking one, especially after it received incredibly middling reviews during its initial theatrical run in 1980. In the years since, the film has garnered a cult following and an impressive re-assessment as one of Carpenter’s finest works, a drive which brought upon a critically panned remake in 2005. The film follows the day-to-day lives of the residents of a small coastal town in Northern California, whose lives are mixed up when a strange fog arrives in town. The fog brings ghosts linked to the past of the town, as the ghosts seek revenge on the children of the men that wronged them many years in the past. Dean Cudney’s cinematography is the star of the show of this feature, as Cudney shoots an incredible number of scenic shots of the coastal town, as it becomes encased in eerie fog, with the one brimmer of light coming from the tall lighthouse poking out in the distance. Carpenter makes the use of shadows to shoot the ghosts in complete murky light, more silhouettes than fully formed designs that add to the creepiness of the sequences, the fog hides them, and the lightning follows suit, but the little you see, of the zombie-like pirates makes for memorable creature design.

    Carpenter’s strength here is the build-up, bringing together an incredibly well-cast set of characters that make the town feel alive, the tension palpable and makes you question the validity of the ghosts when both sides are almost human. Tom Atkins, Jamie Lee Curtis, Janet Leigh and Carpenter’s at-the-time wife, Adrienne Barbeau, all deliver strong performances. At heart, the movie is about the pain and sin that causes a town, a nation to be built, for each beautiful thing created, someone else is either stolen from or hurt for it to be made. 100 years on, the townsfolk celebrate their town with no idea what was done to create that very town, a topical message that could be conveyed to various aspects of American life, with a clear analogue to the pain and suffering brought to the Native Americans.

    6) They Live

    Roddy Piper in They Live

    Carpenter’s career was characterized heavily by a series of films that were pessimistic in nature, even before he got to a feature focusing around Lovecraftian monsters controlling free will, and no film is more pessimistic than 1988’s They Live. A precursor to that before mentioned Lovecraftian feature, They Live follows a drifter who finds a special pair of sunglasses that reveal the secret truth of humanity. Putting on the sunglasses, they reveal to Nada, played by Roddy Piper, that the ruling class are aliens concealing their identities and rule the world through manipulating people to follow the status quo through subliminal messages across various forms of media. Based on the 1963 short story known as ‘Eight O’clock in the Morning ‘by Ray Nelson, the short story’s film rights were bought by Carpenter as he used it as a basis of his more developed script. His take came from how dissatisfied the director was with then-president Ronald Reagan’s economic policies, also known as Reaganomics, which was focused around increasing defence spending, slowed growth of government spending, reducing government regulation and tightening the money supply to reduce possible inflation. These economic policies were mixed in value, on one hand causing an entrepreneurial revolution, and on the other, the national debt tripling in eight years. The biggest outcome was the rise in consumerism in the country, another factor that Carpenter was spoofing in this feature, connecting mass consumerism as one of the major causes of drone-like personalities and American patriotism.

    The film’s signature sunglasses sequences were shot with black-and-white photography, a filmic style which brings the sequences closer in line with war propaganda films during the second World War. The film has all the action movie quirks that makes films like Assault on Precinct 13 and Big Trouble in Little China work but mixed with an excellent amount of social commentary that makes every punch and gunshot come with a thematic purpose. It is a complete shame that the movie has essentially become the opposite of its thematic theming in popular culture, becoming a pop culture juggernaut in one of its central macho lines, and the film’s alien designs becoming synonymous with street art.

    5) Escape from New York

    Kurt Russell in Escape from New York

    Written originally in 1976 as a response to the Watergate scandal, the political turmoil of the time where American society did not trust their own president caused Carpenter to pen Escape from New York. The project would not be released until 1981, after the director had enough pull to begin production on such a risky movie after the smash hit of Halloween, and after Michael Myers actor Nick Castle was able to touch up the script with some humorous additions. The film mirrored a common trope for the time, concerning a grim and gritty look at New York City that perpetuated through the 80s with films like Ghostbusters and then into the 90s with Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and a level of humanity drawn through humorous New Yorkers. Dealing with a near-future, a future which is ruled over by a forever president, and one where Manhattan Island in New York City has been caged off as a maximum-security prison. When Air Force One is hijacked and the President is kidnapped into the streets of New York, federal prisoner Snake Plissken is given twenty-four hours to find and rescue the President to be able to be pardoned for his crimes. Plissken is easily where this film shines, he seems like your typical action hero, but he is incredibly stubborn, angry and resentful across the film, speaking in low octave with almost growls rather than the typical one liner you would expect from an 80s action hero. Kurt Russell really shines here, playing against type as a gritty and serious action star after years of being a comedic actor.  

    He is known by every character in the film, building a mystique around him and the eventual excellent action sequences he will be able to pull off, and he has morals. The film twists the script on the typical hero-villain dynamic, Plissken is a shady individual but he’s a hero, while the people he is helping are clearly the villains. The President is the true antagonist, and the people who are keeping him hostage are just victims of a system that had put them down and refuses to give them the rehabilitation they deserve, a pure criticism of the American prison complex. It is a film which gives its viewers all the gritty action you would want out of your Hollywood blockbuster, but also enough to chew on under the surface, a bridge of both best worlds of cinema.

    4) Big Trouble in Little China

    Kurt Russell, Dennis Dunn, Victor Wong and James Lew in Big Troubles in Little China

    20th Century Fox hired Carpenter to helm Big Trouble in Little China because of his reputation of being able to work incredibly fast, with the film facing a limited preproduction schedule of only ten to twelve weeks and rushed into production to beat a similar releasing film. The Eddie Murphy starring feature, The Golden Child, was seen as big competition for the studio, a film Carpenter was even offered to direct, sharing similar narrative threads, and having such a big star attached. Big Trouble in Little China was originally put into production as a separate film, mixing the action of the Western with the new popular sensibilities of the martial arts feature, but would be rewritten into being more modernised. This version of the script would be what enticed Carpenter to the feature, fulfilling his desire to one day direct a martial arts feature. The film, which continued Carpenter’s lack of success at the box office during theatrical runs, followed drifter truck-driver Jack Burton, who must help his friend Wang Chi rescue his green-eyed fiancée from criminals in San Francisco’s Chinatown. The green-eyed woman is important to the plot of an ancient sorcerer, who requires a woman with green eyes to marry him to be released from a centuries-old curse. An interesting genre blend of various tones and genres, from the American action movie, the comedy, mystical and supernatural elements and the martial arts feature, Carpenter’s high-flying feature has everything and has become a deserved cult classic in the years since release.

    Kurt Russell returns to the world of the Carpenter feature, his role of Jack Burton inspired by the machismo of actors like John Wayne, but with an entertaining satirical edge. The film flips the American movie on its head, where once the American lead would have a foreign sidekick, Russell’s Burton is macho and cool, but he is a goof, and out of his element next to such strong leaders like Wang Chi. He is along for the ride in a narrative that spins around him, never through him, to the point that he is knocked out and misses the entire final battle. The failure at the box office of Big Trouble in Little China is what led John Carpenter back into the world of independent filmmaking, disillusioning him with mainstream Hollywood, where he would only come back for work-for-hire jobs. It is a shame as well that the movie put a pin in his big-budget career, because the film is one of the perfect summer blockbusters, feeling like a genre-blender at its best.

    3) Halloween

    Nick Castle wears the mask of The Shape in Halloween

    1978’s Halloween is an important release in the Hollywood zeitgeist for various reasons, from it being Carpenter’s first box office success, to launching the career of Jamie Lee Curtis, or being a big factor in the boom of the slasher movie sub-genre into the 80s and 90s. The slasher film existed beforehand, with 1960’s Psycho, or the double release of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre and Black Christmas in 1974, but the story of babysitter killer Michael Myers, who returns to Haddonfield after escaping a mental asylum to kill everyone who stands in his way, lit up the zeitgeist and proved the sub-genre could be a box office success. The final girl, the use of point-of-view shots of the killer, the chase sequence and the defining of sex as the cause of death in the feature would become staples of the genre and would define the entire Halloween franchise. To date, there are thirteen movies released in the franchise, with varied levels of involvement from series creator Carpenter, who essentially handed over the franchise after releasing the first feature.

    The sequel’s script would be penned by the director, the third feature would move away from Michael to go through an anthology lens because of Carpenter’s insistence, and the director would return as producer and composer for Blumhouse’s requel trilogy, 2018’s Halloween, 2021’s Halloween Kills and 2022’s Halloween Ends. The slasher genre would follow the Halloween genre across the decades, with the initial boom coming from 1980’s Friday the 13th, which was a remake without the name of Halloween, to the genre being revived in the wake of 2018’s Halloween. This importance comes with a major reason; Carpenter’s initial Halloween feature is one of his very best. It is his very best score, with his most memorable motifs, and has two winning central performances by Jamie Lee Curtis and Donald Pleasence. The film’s central villain is incredibly intimidating and eerie, a feeling that many slasher villains cannot convey, with the eerie sound of his breathing being felt across various sequences. The film’s final shots linger on empty spaces, leaving the film on a menacing note, retracing each location from the film and proving that nowhere is safe, the boogeyman could be anywhere.

    2) Starman

    Karen Allen and Jeff Bridges in Starman

    What starts as a science-fiction adventure with a creepy alien morphing sequence, soon becomes an emotional drama that stands as the biggest outlier in Carpenter’s filmography. The film, starring Jeff Bridges and Karen Allen, follows an alien arriving to Earth in response to the invitation found on the Voyager 2 space probe. The alien takes the form of a cloned body of a grieving widow’s husband, as the widow and the clone must take on a cross-county road-trip to send him home and escape the government who is after him. The film has been theorised to have been put into production as a response to the success of Spielberg’s ET: The Extraterrestrial and picked up Carpenter after The Thing failed at the box office because of audience’s being more familiar with positive alien features off the back of that previously mentioned Spielberg venture. The film, which went through at least six different script drafts, one where the signature alien flew during sequences, feels like an outlier in a career which is characterized heavily by films which feel pessimistic in nature. The film is hopeful and warm, a love story which uses its central science-fiction narrative to wow and surprise rather than to make the audience uneasy, a scene where Bridges’ alien revives a deer that has been killed by a hunter is one such powerful moment.

    It is a road movie, with each character the central leads meet across their journey feeling warm and sincere, and even the central governmental forces allow the characters to go at the end. Karen Allen’s character feels like Carpenter willing himself into the narrative, a nihilistic character who feels only pain from the death of her husband, whose nihilistic tendencies are proven wrong by the film’s genuine pleasantness. Bridges received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for the film, in a performance that feels so inhuman but never in a terrifying way, a perfect encapsulation of the fish out of water trope, he is charming in his eccentricities, and the central love story is moving and powerful. The movie ends on a terrific note, a loving final embrace leads Allen’s widow pregnant with a child who is both the child of her late husband and the alien she loved soon after, a moving final beat that encapsulates the tenderness of this film compared to each other Carpenter feature.

    1) The Thing

    Kurt Russell in The Thing

    No other film could be placed first on a John Carpenter ranking, The Thing is just his magnum opus. Based on the 1938 novella Who Goes There? by John W. Campbell Jr, which had already been adapted into the 1951 feature film, The Thing from Another World, the film is another Lovecraftian horror from the director. The film tells the story of a group of American researchers in Antarctica, who encounter an alien life-form that assimilates, then imitates organisms. The group is brought against each other, believing any one of them could be the signature ‘Thing’. The film is a perfect encapsulation of the feeling of paranoia and isolation, the viewer is along for the ride in trying to decide who is the Thing, the film leaving it up to the audience to catch up on the mystery as the characters figure it out together.

    The setting of Antarctica also brings the isolation to the forefront, it is open plains of nothingness, encased in darkness which makes the characters cold and isolated, it is an eerie location which is used to its best effect. As mentioned previously, the film was a box office bomb when released in 1982 and was even slated by critics. It has since become a staple of the science-fiction genre, a creature feature with excellent creature effects by Rob Bottin, a film which is both disturbing and impressive in its use of practical effects. The eventual 2011 prequel, with the same name as its title, would try to compete with its CGI effects, but nothing can compare to the practical effects shown here, The Thing looks inhuman in each body modification it causes, but there’s always human elements to it, an eeriness to each form it takes. The film was initially given to director Tobe Hooper, and various other directors were considered after Carpenter briefly decided to leave the project to direct a passion project, which then fell through, but it is hard to see any other director helming the film. It’s Carpenter’s first big-budget feature, and cinematographer Dean Cudney’s as well. Only Carpenter could direct such a bleak film as this, playing the best to his nihilistic tendencies, as the situation feels hopeless and impossible, but balancing that with such well-realised characters.

    Kurt Russell takes the lead once again, but with a character who is forced to lead, bouncing off such a wonderful supporting cast that is led by a wonderful performance by Keith David. When asked in an interview, Carpenter stated that the film is pro-human, in comparison to the original text’s pro-science exploration, or the initial film adaptation’s anti-science exploration. The film’s humanist approach to its storytelling has led to a series of discussions about the film’s thematic meaning, namely because of its creation during post-Cold War tendencies. The paranoia can be seen as a metaphor for the red scare at the time, with people not knowing who to trust in the wake of Communists being found across the country. The film is also exploring nuclear annihilation through mutually assured destruction in the wake of the Cold War, with the death of The Thing only being possible if both our lead characters die alongside it. However, the film’s end leads the film on a forever sinister note, a cliffhanger ending that only Carpenter knows the answer to, as both characters sit opposite each other not knowing if either or both are The Thing, a perfectly mysterious ending that leaves the audience thinking long after the film is finished.

  • The Long Walk Review

    Stephen King has made a long career as one of the most successful American horror authors of all time, crafting horrific stories from Carrie to Salem’s Lot, or from IT to Christine. However, the author has also stepped outside of that box with various novels of various other genres, from the crime thriller of Mr Mercedes, the fantasy story of Eyes of the Dragon, or the science-fiction narrative of 11/22/63. Dystopian narratives have an equal importance to the career of King, mostly published under the authors’ pseudonym, Richard Bachman. King wrote five novels under this pseudonym, with his 1981 novel, Roadwork, and 1982’s The Running Man, which will soon hit the big screen directed by Edgar Wright, falling under this category, but the most famous would be 1979’s The Long Walk.

    The Long Walk serves as King’s first written novel, written during his freshman year at the University of Maine, but would not be released until well after King’s first published novel, Carrie in 1974. A film adaptation of the novel would be in development for years, with Night of the Living Dead-director George A. Romero being considered as director in 1988, and Frank Darabont, who was on a strong run of King adaptations after the release of 1994’s The Shawshank Redemption, 1999’s The Green Mile and 2007’s The Mist, was able to secure the rights to the novel in 2007. The project was finally put into active development under Lionsgate, with Francis Lawrence directing, announced in November 2023, and the film adaptation has finally been hit the screen.

    Cooper Hoffman and David Jonsson in The Long Walk

    The Long Walk is set in a dystopian future ruled by the mysterious Major’s regime, where an annual event takes place where a group of youths must walk for miles until there is only one left. The event promises a wish and a large cash prize, as each contestant walks to win, and aims to not fall behind their pack or they will earn their ticket, or in other words, their death.

    Dystopias and post-apocalyptic settings are the backbone of Francis Lawrence’s career, with only his second feature being the Will Smith-starring zombie feature, I am Legend. Though not directing the original, Lawrence would be the helmer of the Hunger Games franchise, directing 2013’s Catching Fire, 2014’s Mockingjay Part 1, 2015’s Mockingjay Part 2 and then 2023’s prequel film, The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes. His next feature will even be 2026’s The Hunger Games: Sunrise on the Reaping. This long connection with the dystopian genre has made him the perfect choice to helm this adaptation, and Lawrence proves himself as the right choice throughout this feature. A relatively straightforward story, its essentially just one hundred minutes of walking and conversations between people, but Lawrence can breathe enough life and style into every shot that keeps the contained narrative continuously entertaining and intense. Frequent uses of beautiful long shots and tracking shots that showcase the scenery and landscapes, reminding the audience of the beauty of nature and the hope that comes from it in such a depressing narrative.

    Charlie Plummer in The Long Walk

    There’s a thrilling uphill sequence, as the camera tilts with the characters and the audience feel the pain and suffering. The film does not shy away from the violence, it is bloody and disgusting at times, with each kill bleak and depressing. Disorienting editing, shaky camera and a loss of audio are all used frequently to get a view into the character’s heads as they lose consciousness during the long walk, as a visual graphic showcases how miles they have walked. Jeremiah Fraites’ score also sells the terror at the centre of the plot, booming synths showcasing the meaningless of this event as the central characters face a threat that was made by their own society to cause them pain.

    The tension of the film really comes from how much the film excels in making each contestant feel like a three-dimensional character, making the audience terrified for when each member falls. There are main characters clearly, but even the lesser characters, who go out early or are more in the background, have a scene or two to make them memorable, and make their deaths feel less like creating a kill count. Cooper Hoffman and David Jonsson serve as the central relationship of the film, the uniting characters that bring all the themes into play and surround every other character becoming developed and nuanced. They represent two separate sides of the coin in responding to a dystopian future, Hoffman’s Ray is pessimistic and easily succumbing to the violent nature of life, and Jonsson’s Peter is gentler and kinder, believing in humanity, nature and the possibilities that come with freedom. It is an interesting dichotomy that the film plays with, as they both argue their points but come closer together because of their shared pain but differing worldviews. Jonsson proved himself as a powerful actor with Alien: Romulus and he continues to wow here, coming out with the most heartfelt and human performance of the entire cast.

    Mark Hamill in The Long Walk

    That is not to say, however, that the rest of the cast are anything to scoff at, Garrett Wareing, Tut Nyuot, Charlie Plummer, Joshua Odjick and Karate Kid-star Ben Wang all deliver memorable performances, with enough backstory and characterisation that their secondary roles do not ever feel secondary. Mark Hamill also slides perfectly into the role of the Major, he is in so little of the film that every scene feels completely memorable, as the film talks about him more than shows him, and everything that talk about makes him even more vile for when Hamill makes his presence known.

    For fans of the novel, the film is an incredibly faithful rendition of the novel’s events, essentially just making changes to character’s backstories to make others hit more and remove the repetition of each character’s homelife. The source texts’ narrative is straightforward, so small changes are needed to make it more cinematic, but the series of events are the same, and the biggest changes do not come until the conclusion, which fits into the films various themes that are more present here than in the source.

    The text features crowds following the walkers around the Long Walk, but this adaptation completely removes this, really hitting home the normalisation of violence and the commercialisation of violence when people can just sit at home and view. Pain comes as a necessity to the structure of this dystopia; the entire thing would fall apart without it and its that fact that drives the characters. The film is increasingly sombre, violent and depressing, but there is always a touch of humanity and hope through the characters’ humour and connection to one another, questioning what will succeed to the end, humanity or the governmental bodies that seek to crush that humanity.

    Cooper Hoffman, David Jonsson and Joshua Odjick in The Long Walk
  • The Conjuring: Last Rites Review

    Mia Tomlinson in The Conjuring: Last Rites

    In 2013, famed modern horror director, James Wan, released a film based on the cases of Ed and Lorraine Warren, famous paranormal investigators and authors focusing around the supernatural. Based on the case files of the Warrens, the same case films that inspired by the events of the Amityville franchise, The Conjuring was a massive success and would soon join the likes of Saw and Insidious as famous franchises that James Wan helped launch. Followed by a Wan-directed sequel in 2016, the franchise would blossom into a cultural juggernaut, with three Annabelle spinoff features, released in 2014, 2017 and 2019 respectively, two Nun spinoff features, released in 2018 and 2023, and a standalone film focused on Mexican folk lore character La Llorona, with The Curse of La Llorona releasing in 2019. The franchise has become immensely successful across the years, grossing a combined gross of $2.8 billion against a budget of $263 million, becoming the most influential horror franchise of the modern day after the end of Saw and Paranormal Activities’ tenure as box office king.

    The expansion of the franchise has slowed down once entering the 2020s however, and the critical reaction to most of the films, namely the spinoffs, would become mixed and poor. Wan would leave the director’s chair for the third core entry in The Conjuring series, with director Michael Chaves, who helmed The Curse of La Llorona, taking the reins of the entire franchise, following up 2021’s The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It with 2023’s The Nun II. Both films did not fair as well critically as Wan’s time with the franchise, but Warner Bros seems to still be confident with Chaves being in the director’s chair. The final chapter is what is being advertised as Chaves’ next film, The Conjuring: Last Rites, even if it has also been stated as the potential end of the first era of The Conjuring Universe, with a supposed second phase in production.

    Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson in The Conjuring: Last Rites

    Based on the Smurl haunting case, where the family of Jack and Janet Smurl alleged a demon was inhabiting their home between 1974 and 1989 and was then published as a novel known as The Haunting, penned by the Smurl family, Ed and Lorraine Warren and Scranton newspaper writer Robert Curran. The film works as the supposed final case of Ed and Lorraine Warren, as things become personal when daughter, Judy Warren, and her fiancée become involved in a case that will potentially cost everything

    As a finale to the series, Chaves plays the film safe, as essentially a greatest hit of both original Wan features. The previous entry, subtitled The Devil Made Me Do It, went in a different direction, subverting the haunted house formula to play out a narrative focused on possession and a central courtroom drama plot. It only makes sense to return the franchise back to its roots for the final entry, but it only works in returning to the roots if there are still enough fresh angles on the material to be mined. Here, Chaves is playing out the greatest hits of the franchise and giving out very little new, and it is hard not to compare the effectiveness of the scares between Chaves’ work and Wan’s. Wan is one of the most effective horror filmmakers of the modern era because of his distinctive style, his moody colour palettes, his ability to blend genres between horror and drama, and his fast-paced editing gives the movie rhythm and speed.

    Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson in The Conjuring: Last Rites

    Chaves is a capable director, but he just cannot deliver a direction as distinct and compelling as Wan’s, his work looks too clean for trying to match the vision of Wan, and his scares just rely on jumps. The narrative even just acts as a remake of the events of Wan’s second Conjuring feature, mixing a storyline focused on the Warrens with a family in terror by a demon, a demon which is personally invested in drawing the Warrens out, as the narratives converge. Last Rites has the exact same narrative and then borrows nearly every scare from the first feature to a lesser effect, proving maybe that it was right to end here, when there is so little originality left.

    Wan’s signature genre blend is not handled the same here either, the film jumps back and forth between the signature haunted house events, as the family is plagued by a demon, while switching back over to following the Warrens and their daughter, as the film attempts to wrap up character arcs. The focus is clearly on the Warren’s storyline, so the hauntings suffer from a lack of attention, with so little time given to it that the audience will never care for the family in danger or feel genuinely scared when the events are fast-tracked heavily to get to the conclusion. The Warrens’ narrative is easily the best part of the family, and they continue to be the height of this franchise, no matter what someone may think of their real-world personas. Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga are both wonderful here, one of the most perfect casting duos in horror history, as they bounce off each other so perfectly. It is great to see them get so much focus, but when it takes an hour and ten minutes of a two-hour film for them to get involved in the central haunting, it’s clear that your film has some severe pacing problems.

    The film instead has a clear focus on potentially backdooring a continuation by propping up the Warren’s daughter as the new central character. Mia Tomlinson portrays an older version of Judy Warren, who was portrayed previously by Sterling Jerins in the other three Conjuring features and McKenna Grace in Annabelle Comes Home, who acts as the film’s protagonist, as she comes to terms with her abilities and having the mantle passed down to her. Ben Hardy also stars as Judy’s fiancée, Tony, who feels a lot less developed compared to Judy, but is clearly set up as a new protagonist moving forward. It’s a passing of the torch, and the future does not look as promising without Farmiga and Wilson.

    Madison Lawlor and Orion Smith in The Conjuring: Last Rites

    As a finale as well, the film just fails to wrap everything up. It feels more like a middle chapter of an ongoing franchise, where much of the film is still left open-ended enough to warrant a continuation, like the studio was unsure whether to commit to the finale lens if the film is successful enough. The marketing has teased a loss or sacrifice that caused this to be the final case for the Warrens, but that seems to be more of a marketing ploy rather than to be relevant to the text’s content.

    With all this, the film plays out its events incredibly safe, with a predictable narrative that does not offend, shock or even leave an audience in awe, only leaving an audience whelmed. It reads as a film that exists to keep a franchise alive that makes an alarming amount of money for the studio, with very little passion behind the camera. Michael Chaves is a perfectly okay director, but it fails at being scary or balancing the elements that have made the previous films in the franchise so successful. The central performances are strong but are lost in a film which is attempting to conclude a saga, set up new instalments and play out the greatest hits all at the same time. It is the last breath of a franchise that really should have ended when Wan departed from the saga, and the film fails to explain its existence at large.

    Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson in The Conjuring: Last Rites
  • Legacy of The Bat: Tim Burton’s Batman

    Michael Keaton as Batman

    Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger in the pages of Detective Comics #27 in 1939, Batman has become a pop-culture phenomenon that has transcended the comic book page. The story of Bruce Wayne, a man shaped by the death of his parents in his pursuit of costumed crimefighting on the streets of Gotham, has become an iconic narrative that has lit up the cinema screen repeatedly. Initially making his live action debut in a pair of serial features in 1943 and 1949 respectively, played by Lewis Wilson in Batman and then Robert Lowery in Batman and Robin, the character would return to the big screen and the small screen at the same time in 1966. Adam West played the titular character in Batman: The Movie, and the three season show that ran between 1966 and 1968.

    In the years since, the character has been played by Val Kilmer in 1995’s Batman Forever, George Clooney in 1997’s Batman and Robin, Christian Bale in The Dark Knight Trilogy, Ben Affleck across the DC Extended Universe series of films and Robert Pattinson in 2022’s The Batman. The character has also lit up the cinema screen in the animation field, appearing in the Lego Movie, Lego Batman Movie and Lego Movie 2, voiced by Will Arnett, and iconic voice actor Kevin Conroy in 1993’s Mask of the Phantasm, based on Batman: The Animated Series, and 2016’s The Killing Joke, based on the graphic novel of the same name.

    Adam West as Batman

    Wide varieties of the character have appeared on the big screen across the years, based on differing takes on the character, from the comedic takes in West’s, Kilmer’s and Clooney’s take on the character, to the more grounded and serious takes on the character from Bale, Affleck and Pattinson. This latter takes on the iconic comic book character would not exist however without the release of easily the most influential take on the character, Tim Burton’s Batman, released in 1989. Starring Michael Keaton in the titular role, the film moved the needle in the public perception of the Dark Knight and launched the career of one of the most influential directors of the modern day. 1989’s Batman follows the early days of the caped crusader, inspired by the comics, The Dark Knight Returns and Year One by Frank Miller, and Alan Moore and Brian Bollard’s The Killing Joke, as the hero comes into conflict with his archnemesis, The Joker, played by Jack Nicholson.

    Going into the release of Burton’s take on the Batman, the public perception of the character was shaped heavily by the television series that predated it in the 60s. The Adam West-starring show was based on the current era of the hero who had moved away from his darker routes and became more involved in sci-fi adventures, with his adventures becoming pulpier and more comedic. West’s show followed suit by focusing on the goofier side of the character, emphasising the costumed criminals, the gadgets, the relationship between Batman and his sidekick, Robin, played by Burt Ward, and going full forth with dance numbers, silly action and action balloons, The comics would soon jump back into serious adventures, with the release of graphic novels like The Dark Knight Returns and Year One, but the wider media stayed with the goofier side of the character, public perception continuing to be shaped by animated series like The New Adventures of Batman and Super Friends. The promise with Burton’s take on the character would be to return the character to his roots, the darker stories that Bob Kane and Bill Finger focused on when the character was first published would be focused upon again.

    Tim Burton behind the scenes with Michael Keaton and Jack Nicholson

    Tim Burton got the job directing the feature after the success of Beetlejuice in 1988 and was most well-known for Pee-Wee’s Big Adventure, a 1985 big budget comedy which served as the director’s directorial debut. Fan expectation was at a all time low when both director and star were announced for the film, with Keaton, at the time, being most well-known for his comedy roles, with fans clearly having flashbacks to the goofier take on the character that had predominated the culture zeitgeist in the last decade. The superhero genre had also recently returned to the world of camp and unpopularity, with Christopher Reeves’ tenure as Superman coming to an end, with the release of the critically panned Superman IV: The Quest for Peace. Various versions of the Batman script were penned after the release of the initial Superman feature, with Warner Bros Pictures taking on the role of producers for the project.

    Directors like Ivan Reitman, Joe Dante and Wes Craven were approached and thought of to helm the project, with a script being used by writer Tom Mankiewicz, which was rewritten at least 9 times during early production. Once Burton came on board the project, he hired comic book fan, Sam Hamm, to rewrite the script, believing the film to be too campy, and to trim the excessive amount of characters included in the various drafts, with characters like Silver St. Cloud, Dick Grayson, who would become Robin, and Rupert Thorne being removed from the script.

    A dark route is what the film went for, initiating a new look and feel for Gotham City, one that emphasised the cities Gothic look, and formed a connection to the look of German Expressionist features. Famous for films like Nosferatu and The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, the movement was formed after the first World War, after the German government banned the release of foreign films in their film markets. The movement emphasised artist’s inner emotions and feelings over trying to match any sort of reality, rejecting cinematic realism with the movement highly influencing the future of gothic cinema. Sets were hyper expressive, made to look unnatural and not realistic, and that matches Gotham City in Burton’s feature, a city marked by gothic backdrops, contained in overwhelming darkness, but still home to skyscrapers and architecturally absurd buildings that create a contrast between the streets and the skyline. The German Expressionist movement would continue to be an influence on Burton throughout his career, notably in films like Sleepy Hollow in 1999, Edward Scissorhands in 1990, and Sweeny Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street in 2007.

    Michael Keaton’s casting was controversial, but it is hard to argue against how wrong initial reactions to that casting would be. Keaton plays the version of Batman that the fans needed at the time, a dark and brooding hero, who creates an interesting dichotomy when compared to playboy Bruce Wayne. Like Reeve in his Superman outings, Keaton plays both characters differently but still emphasises a connection between the two whenever the perfectly formed mask of Bruce comes falling off. A controversial aspect of the character comes from his willingness to kill, he almost seems to love it in various sequences, with the character being famous to comic book fans as a willing unable to kill. However, if the film is wanting to strike back to the early days of the hero, basing itself off returning to the roots of Bob Kane and Bill Finger, then it is still accurate. The hero did indeed kill in his first appearances, brandishing a gun as a weapon of use. This killing nature of the character seems to be one that has stuck with most cinematic versions of the character, with only Clooney and Pattinson seeming to be the only ones unwilling to take a life.

    Jack Nicholson and Michael Keaton behind the scenes of Batman

    The Joker debuted in the comics in 1940, initially designed as a one-off villain who would be killed in his debut in Batman #1. The character would soon become the most iconic villain in the rogue’s gallery of The Batman, known as his archnemesis. The character was initially depicted as a prankster character, one who was in line with the comedic side of the brand and soon turned into one more aligned with Nicholson’s depiction of the character, as a gangster costumed criminal. Years after the release of the 1989 film, the character would revert to a serial killer and frequently moves between each depiction of the character. Nicholson plays the character with a level of tension, he is scary but also funny, blending the world of the prankster and the gangster together perfectly. Nicholson accepted the role under strict guidelines, which gave him top billing, a portion of the film’s earnings and his own shooting schedule. The film would be controversial for some variations from the established Joker lore, with the film giving the character a new origin and identity.

    Based on the Killing Joke graphic novel, the film depicts his vat of acid transformation, but removes his connection to the Red Hood Gang, in favour of making him the murderer of the Waynes, a role which was given to character Joe Chill in the comics. This change was controversial but adds a close connection to villain and hero for the film, exploring the trauma of Bruce Wayne in a way no other outside media had been able to yet. The inclusion of his name, Jack Napier, was an original idea for the film, and would be a name that would be reused across various other adaptations. Various other characters would appear across the film’s runtime from the comics, notably Vicki Vale, who debuted in the comics for Batman #49 during 1948, as the character’s love interest, who shared a lot in common with Lois Lane. Bruce’s butler, Alfred would also play a large role, played by Michael Gough, who would play the character four times consecutively until Batman and Robin, with the character debuting in the 1940 Batman serial. Billy Dee Williams also appears as Harvey Dent, seeding the promise of sequels with him becoming costumed criminal Two Face, which would eventually happen, but without Williams. The character debuted in the comics in Detective Comics #66 in 1942.

    Michael Gough and Michael Keaton in Batman

    The success of the feature cannot be understated, with the year being marked by a ‘Batmania’, where over $750 million dollars of merchandise being sold about the character in response to the feature. The film grossed $411.6 million against a $48 million budget, marking a new franchise and the return of the superhero feature. A sequel was guaranteed, with Batman Returns debuting in cinemas in 1992. The film doubled down on the dark gothic atmosphere, a choice that alienated child-friendly audiences, with the film reflecting the character’s new mature focus. The film featured the debut of two classic Batman villains, with The Penguin, first appearing in Detective Comics #58 in 1941 and played by Danny DeVito here, and Catwoman, first appearing in Batman #1 in 1940, being the newest villains that Batman would have to face. The film was made with a higher level of control from Burton, with the film gaining a notable pushback from audiences after being marketed similarly to the previous film, falsely marketing a more sexual and violent feature as a child-friendly feature. The film was still a success at the box office, breaking various records, but fell short of the previous feature’s gross, only making $266.8 million.

    Though, not as successful, the film would be equally as important to the character, with the series, Batman: The Animated Series being made off the back of the success of both features. The series, which would be followed by various other animated shows in the same universe featuring DC Comics characters, would become the posterchild for the popularity of the character, and the blueprint for how to adapt a comic character into animation. Danny Elfman’s fantastic score for Batman and Batman Returns would also live long past these two features, becoming known as essentially the score for the character, returning in use in Batman: The Animated Series, the Lego Batman games and 2017’s Justice League.

    Michelle Pfeiffer and Danny DeVito as Catwoman and Penguin in Batman Returns

    Batman’s cinematic history has forever relied upon reacting to the previous iteration of the character, as come the 2000s, Batman was once again a joke in the public consciousness after Batman Forever and Batman and Robin returned to the campy nature of the character. The negative perception to Batman Returns led to Joel Schumacher taking the director’s chair, with two films that acted as sequels, just without the main star returning, with the appearances of new Batman villains to the big screen, notably Two Face, The Riddler, Poison Ivy, Mr Freeze and Bane. Christopher Nolan’s Dark Knight trilogy would return the character back to his gritty and dark roots, and Matt Reeves’ The Batman would act as a reaction to the negative perception of Ben Affleck’s tenure as The Dark Knight in 2016’s Batman V Superman: Dawn of Justice League and 2017’s Justice League.

    Batman commonly moves between perceptions, from goofy to serious, but that former version is always going to be rooted in Keaton and Burton’s take on the character. Forever the character is going to be connected to his gothic depictions, and the character proves his popularity in this form, with Keaton returning as the character in 2023’s The Flash.

    Michael Keaton and Jack Nicholson face off in Batman
  • Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me Review

    Kyle MacLachlan and Sheryl Lee in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me

    Famous director David Lynch died this year, on the 15th January 2025 at the age of 78. He was well-known for his avant-garde filmmaking, which focused on surrealist and experimental features, becoming one of the most famous and well-respected directors of the modern day. Releasing 10 films across this career, his most iconic features would include his directorial debut Eraserhead, the drama adaptation The Elephant Man, the neo-noir mysteries Blue Velvet and Mulholland Drive, and the space opera adaptation Dune. However, what could be argued as his most well-known and well-regarded project would be the ABC series, Twin Peaks. Premiering on April 8th, 1990, and running for two initial seasons until 1991, the series followed the residents of the town Twin Peaks, as the town’s golden daughter, Laura Palmer, mysteriously dies. FBI special agent Dale Cooper arrives to the town to help the investigation but is soon drawn into a darker story which mixes the melodrama of a soap opera, eccentric comedy that was common to Lynch’s work and horror and surrealist elements. Created with co-showrunner Mark Frost, the show was pitched to the network around the mystery of Laura Palmer’s death, but Lynch and Frost made the promise that the mystery would eventually become a background element of the show as the audience becomes more comfortable with the residents of Twin Peaks.

    Opening title sequence of ‘Twin Peaks’

    After an incredibly successful first season, which Lynch directed multiple episodes across the 8 initial episodes while multitasking with his feature film Wild at Heart, ABC demanded season 2 to put an answer to the question of who killed Laura Palmer. Being forced to reveal such a crucial plot reveal prematurely led to a lot of knock-on effects for the famous show, namely Lynch and Frost both stepping back from the show until returning for the finale, and a ratings decline. Once being one of the most watched shows in 1990, the 15th episode of the show’s second season would be placed 85th out of 89 for ABC’s ratings numbers. The return of Frost and Lynch to the writer’s room could not save the show, and after multiple timeslot changes that only hindered the show more, the show would be placed on indefinite hiatus and eventually cancelled on a cliffhanger. Though the show would eventually return for a third season in 2017, that would finally address the long-simmering cliffhanger, fans’ original hope for answers would come in Lynch’s feature film follow-up, Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me.

    Released in 1992, the film serves as a prequel, a fact that turned off many viewers who were hoping to finally receive the answers to Twin Peaks’ cliffhanger ending, where series protagonist, Dale Cooper, was replaced with an evil doppelganger. The film was booed during its screening at the Cannes Film Festival, and was panned by the American press, eventually ending up as a box office bomb. Foregoing the show’s large cast of eccentric characters and its upbeat and humorous tone, the film goes for a darker tone and a surrealist directorial style that was more in line with Lynch’s work. A set of deleted scenes would be recut into a separate film, Twin Peaks: The Missing Pieces in 2014, which featured the various characters from the show that were cut from the film for time. Instead of the larger cast, the film focuses on the murder of Laura Palmer, stepping the audience into the toes of the character that was only known to her audience because of her death. She is plagued by the malevolent spirit known as Bob, as the film tracks her final seven days, where she soon finds out that her own father is Bob.

    The move between television and film comes with the movie literally beginning with the smashing of a television by a man as he murders Teresa Banks, the original victim of Bob. This opening marks the idea that Lynch seems to be putting across the film, that nostalgia and fan service is not what the film exists for, it is pulling its audience into unfamiliar settings and setting itself apart. This would be a decision that would be followed in the show’s third season, known as The Return. This can be seen even more by the film’s opening act, where FBI agents Chester Desmond and Sam Stanley are assigned to investigate the death of Teresa Banks in Deer Meadow, Washington. With the appearance of Gordon Cole, a character played by Lynch himself in the series, and the appearance of a death girl for the FBI, the film begins with a false sense of security. The plot sounds eerily familiar to Twin Peaks’ original storyline, with the opening act even initially planned to feature Cooper instead of Chester Desmond, but actor Kyle MacLachlan requested for his role to be lessened compared to the series.

    David Lynch, Chris Isaak Kiefer Sutherland in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me

    The plot may seem familiar, but the setting of Deer Meadow welcomes the film to breaking that familiarity, as the settings that would be central to comedy for the series would instead be conveyed as combative and tension-building. The residents of Deer Meadow do not welcome the FBI with open arms, shown through the diner sequence, a place that was routed into the television series as a place of comfort and joy. The police department welcome Cooper into Twin Peaks with open arms, as Sherrif Truman essentially becomes Cooper’s best friend straight away, but the police department of Deer Meadows are violent towards Desmond and Stanley. These differences open the film for an audience familiar with the brand that things are not going to be the same here, you cannot go home, and everything will feel the same.

    This difference in tone translates over when the film transitions over to the familiar town of Twin Peaks. The series’ iconic theme, composed by Angelo Badalamenti, pulls the viewer into feeling comfortable, but rather than pulling into one of the various characters that make up the show, the first character we see is Laura Palmer. Actress Sheryl Lee finally gets to play Laura Palmer in all her various shades of grey, a fully realised character that only existed as a dead body and a ghost that haunted the Black Lodge in the series. The feeling of unfamiliarity is mirrored by the appearance of Donna Hayward, Laura’s best friend, who is recast and played by actress Moira Kelly here. Donna may be Laura’s best friend, but Laura refuses to allow Donna to become like her, to follow her into her sexual liberation or her sexually driven sadness, and the recasting almost adds a sense of isolation to the proceedings.

    The pieces fall into place across the film, as the film retraces the steps of the investigation into her death from the film, as Laura places those clues down that Cooper, Truman and the rest of the cast would soon discover. The investigation in the series brought unexpected reveals to Laura’s character, the golden girl who brought food to the less fortunate and helped with English lessons, was revealed to be moonlighting as a prostitute, and cheating on her drug dealing boyfriend. Laura Palmer haunts the narrative of Twin Peaks, and it is until the reveal that her own father was sexually assaulting her that you get a full understanding of Laura. The events surrounding Laura’s death are choreographed to feel true and real, the comedic overtones of the show are replaced by scenes that are shocking and disturbing, from the explicit rape of Laura, to seeing her death played out through her own point of view.

    Ray Wise, Grace Zabriskie and Sheryl Lee in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me

    Ray Wise plays Laura’s father, Leland, and he is easily one of the most complex performances and characters across the film. Leland’s reveal as Bob came as the final straw in Lynch and Frost’s relationship with the studio, a reveal that would have been saved for many seasons in the future. The reveal and execution of that storyline however is incredibly powerful, as Ray Wise gives a fantastic performance with his last scene, crying in his final moments as he realises what he has done to Laura throughout the years. There’s a clear intention to blur the lines of what really Leland is, and how much control does Leland have in his own body when Bob is in the mix. Fire Walk With Me continues this distinction, Wise plays the character as both terrifying and sympathetic, he is ruthless, demanding his daughter to clean her hands before dinner or verbally assaulting her once he catches wind of her relationship with James Hurley. However, he also has scenes of genuine kindness and remorse, as he apologises for his dinnertime outburst and hugs Laura. It is clear from the series that Leland was sexually abused in his youth as well, potentially by Bob, and he is just passing that trauma down to his own daughter.

    The home is portrayed as something frightening for Laura, as the fan spins above, and her own mother seems to be ignoring the sexual abuse her daughter is facing. Grace Zabriskie’s Sarah Palmer smokes and cries at what is happening to her daughter, and screams for Leland to stop his verbal attack, but never protects her daughter, she knows what is going on but is powerless to do anything about it. The entire proceedings are just played incredibly straight and sad, there is so little comedy after the opening act, and it just hits home harder how real this movie feels. Stripping out all the supernatural aspects, the film is boiled down to a domestic drama about the sexual abuse faced by a young daughter, a father who is inflicting that sexual abuse while questioning why he is doing so, and a mother who just wants to look the other way.

    David Bowie in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me

    Mark Frost declined to be involved in this film, as Lynch and Frost were mixed on what to write the story around; Lynch wanting a prequel, and Frost wanting a continuation of the events of the series. Frost would continue to be involved in the franchise for years after, penning various supplemental material, such as The Secret History of Twin Peaks in 2016 and Twin Peaks: The Final Dossier in 2017, before having an equal role in the show’s revival. However, Lynch’s signature surrealist nature comes about across the runtime of Fire Walk With Me, leaving the show as much as a prequel as it is a sequel. Various characters make their appearance known across the runtime, and some creative visuals open the door for their return in the show’s third season, name in point being the namedrop of Judy, and the appearance of David Bowie’s Phillip Jeffries. There is even a brief appearance of a character from the future, as Annie Blackburn appears from the Black Lodge, a character who was added to the original in the tail end of the second season as an attempt to raise ratings by giving Cooper a love interest. She appears in an unsettling sequence, where the bloodied body of Annie appears after being trapped in the Black Lodge at the end of the series, and warns Laura that the good Cooper is trapped in the Black Lodge. This would be written in Laura’s diary and become one of the most important plot points moving forward.

    These sequel moments highlight the dream-like nature that would soon come in Twin Peaks: The Return, as the film bridges the gap between soap opera-drama and Lynch’s signature filmic tendencies. The signature red drapes, eerie editing with quick cuts and over-lit blinding horror scares, a strong control over sound and the use of silence and blaring music, are all signatures to how Lynch creates that dream-like reality for his films, and it is incredibly present here. But, at heart, the movie is the story of Laura Palmer, a character who the audience never actually meets. This film allows that audience to become familiar with the character, and her struggles, and when they will return to the show’s pilot episode again, and Andy and Truman find her body, the audience will grieve alongside them.

    Sheryl Lee in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me